CMD30 FisMat2023 - Submission - View

Abstract title: Electrical Breakdown of Excitonic Insulators
Submitting author: Yuelin Shao
Affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Affiliation Address: No.8, 3rd South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing
Country: China
Other authors and affiliations: Xi Dai (Department of Physics, The Hongkong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China)
Abstract
We propose a new electrical breakdown mechanism for exciton insulators in the BCS limit, which differs fundamentally from the Zener breakdown mechanism observed in traditional band insulators.Our new mechanism results from the instability of the many-body ground state for exciton condensation, caused by the strong competition between the polarization and condensation energies in the presence of an electric field.We refer to this mechanism as "many-body breakdown".To investigate this new mechanism, we propose a BCS-type trial wave function under finite electric fields and use it to study the many-body breakdown numerically.Our results reveal two different types of electric breakdown behavior.If the system size is larger than a critical value, the Zener tunneling process is first turned on when an electrical field is applied, but the excitonic gap remains until the field strength reaches the critical value of the many-body breakdown, after which the excitonic gap disappears and the system becomes a highly conductive metallic state.However, if the system size is much smaller than the critical value, the intermediate tunneling phase disappears since the many-body breakdown happens before the onset of Zener tunneling.The sudden disappearance of the local gap leads to an "off-on"  feature in the current-voltage curve, providing a straightforward way to distinguish excitonic insulators from normal insulators.